Türkiye’s COP31 Agenda: Balancing Growth and Green Goals.

Focus on implementation and zero waste, but finance and fossil fuel transition remain unclear.

As host of COP31, Türkiye has outlined an agenda centred on balancing development needs with green transformation. The presidency plans to prioritise the implementation of past climate decisions rather than launching new commitments. Nine focus areas have been identified, including zero waste, food security, green industrialisation, climate-resilient cities, oceans, youth and education, and resilience. However, the agenda notably excludes climate finance, renewable energy, energy efficiency, and a clear pathway for fossil fuel transition as standalone priorities. COP31 president-designate Murat Kurum described Türkiye as a “balancing power” between fossil-fuel and green blocs, stressing energy security without detailing fossil fuel dependence. Speaking alongside Fatih Birol of the International Energy Agency, Kurum emphasised zero waste and methane reduction. With Australia leading negotiations and Brazil’s COP30 shaping fossil fuel roadmaps, how these gaps are addressed will define COP31’s success.